When it comes to foods which cause plaque buildup in the arteries, youâve most likely heard that “what you eat can greatly affect your cardiovascular health.” However, to know which foods to choose… and which to skip (to achieve your health goals) can be downright challenging. Fear not, heart-healthy eating does not have to be complex. In this article you can find out how to avoid foods which can lead to plaque buildup, so that you can fill your plate with much healthier alternatives. The Magical Power of Food Some foodstuff can cause your body to produce too much of the waxy substance known as cholesterol. Cholesterol can combine with body fat, calcium, and other substances in the blood to form plaque.